Geochemical characteristics and genesis of ferromanganese nodules and crusts from the Central Rift Seamounts Group of the West Philippine Sea

•Ferromanganese nodules and crusts in the CRSGWPS are characterized by enrichment of heavy metals (Cu, Co, Ni, Zn) and REE.•The Philippine Basin have been exposed to oxygenated bottom water since the mid-Miocene (9.32–12.03 Ma).•The growth rates of the ferromanganese nodule and crust are 2.26 mm/Ma and 2.5 mm/Ma, respectively.•CRSGWPS ferromanganese nodules and crusts mainly controlled by hydrogenizes.