Screening of the Collection of Local and Foreign Varieties of Solanum Lycopersicum L. For Genetic Markers of Resistance Against Three Tomato Viruses

Tomato is among one of the most important vegetable crops. Successful development of tomato culture in Kazakhstan depends on the implementation of the intensive methods of agriculture, including breeding and selection of new tomato varieties resistant to plant pathogens. The common tomato viruses, although not detected in our country to date, can potentially have a deleterious impact on agriculture if spread. So, the implementation of tomato breeding programs based on molecular markers of resistance is an important preventive measure to protect agriculture and food safety in Kazakhstan. In the present work, we used nine molecular markers associated with resistance to three viruses in tomatoes, tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus TYLCV, to test the local breeding collection for the presence of genetic factors of resistance. Two tomato varieties ‘Zhiraf’ (Russia) and ‘Sunnik’ (Armenia) were revealed to possess the resistant allele marker PrRuG86-151 against ToMV; three hybrid forms had same allele in the heterozygous state. One hybrid based on the ‘Mirsini’ F1 variety from the Netherlands had resistance to TSWV confirmed by four markers, NCSw003, NCSw007, NCSw011, and NCSw012. Two cultivars, ‘Nicola’ and ‘Malinovyi Slon’ (Russia), and the local hybrid based on ‘Yarkiy Rumyanets’ had 2–3 resistant alleles of markers based on locus Tm-3 of resistance to TYLCV. The obtained results have demonstrated that the collection of tomato varieties involved in breeding programs in Kazakhstan lacks well-known genetic factors of resistance to the considered tomato viruses. Thus, the prospective breeding programs require introduction of known resistant genetic resources to establish resistance to viruses using marker-assisted selection.