Machine learning in architecture

Computational architectural design and analysis methods together with machine learning (ML) tools are filling a narrow niche commonly used by architects with affiliation to software and programming. A small number of architectural offices are running a computational division while the more common case is that smaller specialized independent teams are solving complex computational problems for architects, engineering and construction companies, designers, project developers, and authorities. The chapter focuses on the review of available software concepts and approaches available for practical use. In particular, different types of optimization tools are analyzed. Furthermore, this chapter covers the research area and its instruments and problems.