The use of support ultrasound as a working tool for the physiotherapist a review of the literature

Study design: Narrative Review. Background: The use of ultrasound imaging to assess muscle and related soft tissue morphology and function has recently developed in physiotherapy practice. This approach has been called Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging (RUSI) and is supported by new legislative regulations: law n.24 of 8 March 2017 and law n.3 of 11 January 2018. Objective: Here, we provide (a) an overview of current literature regarding the reliability of the ultrasound imaging for rehabilitation use; (b) the possible use in the functional evaluation and treatment through ultrasound biofeedback; (c) training strategies for the use in the clinical practice, including benefits, limitations and skills. Methods: The findings in the following electronic databases Medline, PubMed and Pedro from the last 20 years, were used. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were described for eligibility. Results: Search provided 81 articles. Of these, 23 were excluded for the title, 14 for abstract, 16 because not relevant in the discussion of this work. 7 articles were included as related articles for a total of 35 reviewed articles. Conclusions: Clinical heterogeneity observed among the studies suggests analyzing and validating the RUSI protocols in more detail to create shared training standards, guidelines and good clinical practices.