Micro-structural, magnetic and dielectric performance of rare earth ion (Sm³⁺) doped MgCd ferrites

Abstract The combined effects of Sm3+ substitution together with the addition of 3 wt% Bi2O3 endowed the MgCd ferrites with excellent magnetic permeability and dielectric permittivity. Various concentrations of Sm3+ (x=0.00, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, and 0.15) were employed to modify the permeability (μ') and permittivity (ε') of the MgCd ferrites. XRD, SEM, VSM and vector network analysis techniques were used to characterize the samples. The measurement results reveal that the ferrites processed a saturation magnetization of up to 36.8 emu/g and coercivity of up to 29.2 Oe via the conventional solid-state reaction method. The surface morphology SEM confirms that with increasing Sm3+ concentration, the grain shape changes from a polygon to a circle. Moreover, the outstanding dielectric performance of dielectric permittivity can achieve 23. The excellent properties obtained in Sm3+-substituted Mg ferrites suggest that they could be promising candidates for modern high-frequency antenna substrates or multilayer devices.