Development of manipulation assistance for OMS drilling training simulator using haptic device in sagittal split ramus osteotomy

Sagittal split ramus osteotomy is the most commonly performed for jaw deformity patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS). In recent years, virtual reality-based surgical training simulators have been developed for reducing the cost of simulated bone, however, effective assistance methods for improving surgical skills have not been well studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a manipulation assistance method for surgical training simulator with haptic rendering. The surgical training simulator system is composed of three modules: pre-processing module, interactive surgical training module, and evaluation module. In this paper, we newly implement the pre-processing module for correct answer data generating method, interactive surgical training module for enable users to feel the unique reaction force including cortical bone and cancellous bone, and improve the evaluation module for correct answer data. In the evaluation experiments, 4 testees of surgeons and 4 testees of engineering students performed the surgical training for 1 jaw deformity patient. The training consisted of 3 sets of 5 repetitions. As the results, it was confirmed that our surgical training simulator has the ability to simulate actual surgery from the trials of surgeons. It was also confirmed that bone drilling technics of students had improved by repeating trials. These showed the usefulness of our surgical training simulator. Future work will include additional force assistance and graphic stereoscopy with head-mounted-display.