Alternative Tower Field Construction for Quantum Implementation of the AES S-Box
IEEE Transactions on Computers(2022)
摘要
Grover’s search algorithm allows a quantum adversary to find a
$k$
-bit secret key of a block cipher by making O(
$2^{k/2}$
) block cipher queries. Resistance of a block cipher to such an attack is evaluated by quantum resources required to implement Grover’s oracle for the target cipher. The quantum resources are typically estimated by the
$\textit {T}$
-depth of its circuit implementation and the number of qubits used by the circuit (width). Since the AES S-box is the only component which requires
$\textit {T}$
-gates in a quantum implementation of AES, recent research has put its focus on efficient implementation of the AES S-box. However, any efficient implementation with low
$\textit {T}$
-depth will not be practical in the real world without considering qubit consumption of the implementation. In this work, we propose three methods of trade-off between time and space for the quantum implementation of the AES S-box. In particular, one of our methods turns out to use the smallest number of qubits among the existing methods, significantly reducing its
$\textit {T}$
-depth.
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关键词
Quantum implementation,quantum cryptanalysis,Grover’s algorithm,AES,multiplicative inversion
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