Human threat learning is associated with gut microbiota composition

Rodent studies have shown that the gut microbiota can influence threat and safety learning, which has been linked to anxiety phenotypes. In humans, it has been demonstrated that microbiota composition varies with anxiety disorders, but evidence showing an association with threat learning is lacking. Here, we tested whether individual variability in threat and safety learning was related to gut microbiota composition in healthy adults. We found that threat, but not safety learning varies with individuals microbiome composition. Our results provide evidence that the gut microbiota is associated with excitatory threat learning across species. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.