Naringin: antitumor potential in silico and in vitro on bladder cancer cells

Introduction: Urothelial carcinoma is a significant public health problem. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common subtype, accounting for approximately 90 % of all bladder cancers. Chemotherapeutic protocols have been studied, but some present high toxicity and low tolerability. Naringin is a polyphenolic compound found mainly in citrus fruits, which antitumor activity has been studied in several types of cancer. However, there is little information about naringin effects on bladder cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the antitumor potential of naringin in silico and in vitro using two bladder cancer cell lines Method: In silico analysis was carried out by PASS Online software. In vitro, the effects of naringin treatment (12.5 - 400 µM) were evaluated regarding its cytotoxicity, clonogenic survival, morphological alterations, cell cycle progression, migration, and mutagenicity Results: In silico analyses predicted antitumor activity through several mechanisms of action. In vitro results showed naringin presented cytotoxic effects, reduced the number of colonies, inhibited cell migration, and changed the morphology and cell cycle progression of the two cell lines evaluated. However, naringin did not present mutagenic effects. Conclusions: Naringin has antiproliferative activity and is a promising candidate for bladder cancer treatment.