Assessing the benthic quality status of three fine sand tropical beaches from the Andaman Islands through the application of marine biotic indices

The rapid coastal development in the Andaman Islands has resulted in littoral habitat degradation. Understanding the performances of marine biotic indices and the interpretation and translation of those results into coastal health assessment could become an integral tool in future monitoring and management policies. In this line of efforts, the ecological quality status of three sandy beaches, two urban and one nonurban, was evaluated by using three marine biotic indices. The faunal community belonged to moderately well-sorted fine sand biocenosis. The relatively high species richness (15.9 ± 0.80 taxa sample −1 ) and moderate abundance (563 ± 38.8 ind.m −2 ) were features of the benthic fauna. The urban beaches (Aberdeen Bay and Carbyn’s Cove) corresponded to tolerant benthic communities. Malacoceros indicus , Grandidierella megnae and Scolelepis squamata (tolerant species), and Ampelisca diadema (indifferent species) were the major constituents of urban beaches, while Scoloplos capensis , Urothoe grimaldii , and Urothoe platydactyla (sensitive species) were important at the nonurban beach (Wandoor). The high–good quality status prevailed across the spatial and temporal scales except for Carbyn’s cove beach, where good–poor status was noticed. The M-AMBI appeared to be the most robust measure in distinguishing the impact between the urban and nonurban beaches. The constrained ordinations revealed a gradient of disturbance across the beaches. The distinct patterns of sample segregation were the result of the ecological response. This attempt should be considered a comprehensive measure of quality assessment of beaches under human pressure and draw a parallel line of evidence to global studies on sandy beaches. Graphical Abstract