Modelling the potential spread of virus during soccer matches

Objective In the present study, we model the potential spread of virus during soccer matches. Methods Tracking data from 14 elite soccer matches was used. One player in each match was designated as a virus carrier (called 'infected player') for the purpose of the study. The exposure score (measured in seconds) was calculated as time spent closer than 1.5 m from the infected player or time spent in an exponentially declining zone, where the infected player was positioned earlier. Results The results revealed that, on average, each player was exposed for 87.8 s per match. Conclusion Potential spread of virus during soccer matches was modelled and it revealed that the exposure to a virus during soccer matches is limited.