Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Design and Virtual Diagnostic for the Initial Condition of a Storage-Ring-Based Quantum Information System

Developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) are helping to solve complex physical problems that otherwise may be too computationally demanding to solve using traditional approaches. Universal Approximation Theorems tell us that we can model any physical system if we can approximate the system with some continuous function (i.e., compact convergence topology and algorithmically generated sets of functions, such as the convolutional neural network), whether for an arbitrary depth or arbitrary width neural network. We consider the problem of solving a set of N coupled algebraic equations as N becomes very large and apply machine learning (ML) to solve this problem for any value of N. The physical problem we are focusing on is to model the equilibrium positions of ions in an ion trap. A storage ring quantum computer could contain well over tens of thousands of ions. Quickly determining the equilibrium positions will be important to minimize the time to target and observe each ion. As each ion serves as a single qubit, this is important for setting and measuring the individual qubit states. The phonon modes from a collection of ions acts as another qubit, useful for gate operations. Measuring the phonon modes, where ions are oscillating around their respective equilibrium positions also means understanding the equilibrium positions very well. Turning all of this into a virtual diagnostic allows real time prediction and comparison to ensure unique definition of each ion.