Optical Harmonic Generation in 2D Materials

2D materials are emerging as ideal candidates for fundamental investigations and new technologies due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Giant nonlinear susceptibility and perfect phase matching in 2D materials lead to extraordinary nonlinear light matter interactions, thus enabling several potential applications and fundamental scientific discoveries in nonlinear optics. For instance, second harmonic generation in 2D materials play an important role in optical devices such as, lasers, tunable waveguides, electro-optic modulators, and switches. This review will discuss optical harmonic generation (OHG) processes, various characterization modes, and tuning techniques in 2D materials. The future prospectives for OHG in 2D materials is discussed. The extremely promising attributes of combining nonlinear optics and 2D materials is becoming a highly important multidisciplinary field.