A Novel Algorithm for Greatly Accurate Electrical Fault Detection and Classification Based on Haar Wavelet

The present investigation presents an algorithm for fault detection and classification in transmission lines using the Haar-type wavelet mother transform. Voltage and current signals contain all the information of the power system, therefore when a fault occurs in the electrical power system, these signals present disturbances in their amplitude, phase changes and presence of harmonics. Mathematically, all mother wavelets respond with an impulse when there is an abrupt change in the signals, this property allows to detect when a fault has occurred (in the time domain). Experimental results have shown that with frequencies above 100 kHz it is possible to detect a fault with 100% accuracy by taking only 4 samples of the signal and applying the Haar wavelet. The fault detection times vary between 0.31 ms and 1.15ms and the fault classification times vary between 0.94 s and 1.31 s.