Power Management for Connected EVs Using a Fuzzy Logic Controller and Artificial Neural Network

In recent years, the electric vehicles (EVs) power management strategy has been developed in order to reduce battery discharging power and fluctuation when an EV requires high and rapid discharging power due to frequent stop-and-go driving operations. A combination of lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor (SC) as the EV's energy sources, known as a hybrid energy storage system (HESS), is a promising solution for fast discharging conditions. Effective power management to extensively utilize HESS can be developed if future power demand is accessible. A vehicular network as a typical form of the currently developed internet of things (IoT) has made future information obtainable by collecting information on surrounding data. This paper proposes a power management strategy for the HESS with the support of IoT. Since the obtained information from the vehicular network could not directly be used to improve HESS, a two-level control structure has been developed to perform future data prediction and power distribution. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is utilized in level one control structure to manage a HESS power split based on future information. Since FLC requires future information as a reference input, the future information is obtained by using an artificial neural network (ANN) in level two control structure. The ANN provides a direct prediction that could approximate the future power demand prediction with the assumption that the vehicular network scenario is deployed to obtain surrounding information. Simulation results demonstrate that the average discharging battery power and power variation are reduced by 46.1% and 52.3%, respectively, compared to the battery-only case.