IPRA: Iterative Parent-Based Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

In a typical wireless sensor network, the primary constraint on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the sensor node’s irreplaceable power supply. Therefore, our primary goal is to extend the lifespan of the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). As a result, we propose a novel energy-efficient routing protocol—addresses the most important issue for WSNs (i.e., network lifetime). The proposed iterative parent based routing algorithm (IPRA), commences with the cluster heads (CHs) selection, based on the maximum residual energy and considering the appropriate distance between any two CHs. Later, each CH creates some predefined specific levels in its cluster based on the distance between itself and its cluster members. Based on the levels formed, each node initiates the selection of parents by considering the closest node in the preceding level. Hence, recursively, every node transmits its sensed data to its parent, and finally, the data sensed by all the cluster members are aggregated at the CH, which in turn transmits it to the sink. We tested IPRA extensively and it has been shown through simulations that the algorithm outperforms the existing algorithm based on energy consumption, network lifetime, and scalability.