Assessing the accuracy and quality of YouTube videos on early pregnancy loss

Objective: To assess the accuracy and quality of YouTube videos pertaining to early pregnancy loss for use as a patient education tool. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted via YouTube search using the keywords "miscarriage," "spontaneous abortion," "pregnancy loss," and "pregnancy failure." The first 20 results for each keyword search, sorted by both relevance and view count, were compiled into a list. Descriptive characteristics, including the numbers of views, likes, dislikes, video length, and duration of upload were collected. All videos were independently evaluated by two physician researchers using two unique assessment tools. The Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose (CRAAP) test was used to measure the reliability of video content. The MiscarriageSpecific Question Score (MSQS) criterion was used to objectively assess video content specific to miscarriage. Inter-rater agreement was analyzed via kappa coefficient and Pearson correlation. Results: 160 videos were screened, among which 74 videos were included for analysis. The mean CRAAP score was 8.3 out of a total possible score of 15, demonstrating good quality sources, though not of academic level. Mean MSQS score was 8.1 out of a total possible score of 24, demonstrating "fair" accuracy and comprehensiveness. Pearson correlations were 0.87 and 0.86 for CRAAP and MSQS total scores, respectively, demonstrating excellent inter-rater reliability. Conclusion: YouTube videos related to early pregnancy loss span a wide range of quality, accuracy, and purpose. While some videos provide effective content, mean rater scores demonstrate that YouTube is not a reliable source for patient education on early pregnancy loss.