Regulation of the Nuclear Bile Acid Receptor, Farnesoid X Receptor, by the Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, Alpha-Linolenic Acid, in Colonic Epithelial Cells.

The dietary PUFA, ALA, regulates colonic epithelial FXR expression through mechanisms that involve activation of PPARγ. By virtue of their ability to upregulate FXR expression and activity, PUFAs, such as ALA, have excellent potential for development as FXR-targeted nutraceuticals for the treatment and prevention of intestinal disease.