Real-time wavelet-based adaptive algorithm for low inertia AC microgrids power measurements

This paper proposes a real-time wavelet-based power estimator using a real-time modified stationary discrete wavelet packet transform (RT-MSDWPT). The proposed method overcomes the conventional SDWPT main constraints of power estimations related to the lack of reactive power flow direction and susceptibility to off -nominal frequency operation. The introduction of a digital sampling-shifting of a quarter of the fundamental, applied to the filtered voltages, assures the reactive power flow direction. Additionally, the insertion of an adaptive sampling time procedure based on the power grid frequency estimation mitigates the errors introduced by the network frequency deviations. These modifications make the RT-MSDWPT suitable for being embedded into the standard hierarchical power flow control strategies of ac microgrids. Experimental results assessed using an ac microgrid laboratory setup, operating under different operational scenarios, demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution.