Joint optimization of collaborative interactive charging and charging lane placement for cyclic electric vehicles

Electric vehicle (EV) usually has limited battery capacity, which has to be charged frequently during service time. Although lots of work on deployment of charging lanes can support charging in-motion EVs, it cannot guarantee that every EV can be operational in its entire route. We are motivated by the following two observations. First, with the development on the circuit design of energy transmit antennas, it is possible to transfer energy between EVs bi-directionally and efficiently. Second, EVs usually have repetitive motions and may cyclically encounter with each other, so that in-motion EVs can have chance to charge each other. So we considered distribute energy among EVs in a collaborative and interactive manner. We proposed a joint optimization of collaborative interactive charging and charging lane placement to minimize the wireless energy loss and the cost of placing charging lanes. We then proved the joint optimization problem is NP-complete and proposed an efficient heuristic algorithm for it. Also extensive simulation results were conducted which showed our proposed algorithm can reduce the overall cost by 20.0% on average and 43.3% at most.