Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of and treatment strategies for patients with long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning

Objective Long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide (LAAR) poisoning remains a serious public health problem. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of different LAARs and a method of making a decision on the VK1 treatment course and the time to stop VK1 treatment safely. Method This retrospective study compared the clinical characteristics of two LAARs poisoning patients and used multivariate regression method to explore the relationship between blood LAAR concentration and vitamin K1 dose/treatment time. Result A total of 115 patients with LAAR poisoning were included in this study after screening. Of these, 50 patients attempted to commit suicide. The median LAAR concentration of the patients at admission was 409 (157-1174) ng/mL, and the VK1 treatment duration was 14 (8-34) days. The total VK1 treatment time in patients with LAAR poisoning was positively correlated with admission LAAR concentration. During the maintenance treatment period, the VK1 dosage was positively correlated with blood LAAR concentration. Conclusion Low dose of VK1 during the maintenance period is indicative of the blood LAAR concentration being relatively low. This provides a basis for judging the LAAR content in the body during the maintenance treatment period.