Fungal-derived selenium nanoparticles and their potential applications in electroless silver coatings for preventing pin-tract infections

Pin-tract infections (PTIs) are a common complication of external fixation of fractures and current strategies for preventing PTIs have proven to be ineffective. Recent advances show that the use of anti-infection coatings with local antibacterial activity may solve this problem. Selenium has been considered as a promising anti-infection agent owing to its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized via a cost-effective fungi-mediated biorecovery approach and demonstrated excellent stability and homogeneity. To investigate their anti-infection potential, the SeNPs were doped in silver coatings through an electroless plating process and the silver-selenium (Ag-Se) coatings were tested for antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against Staphylococcus aureus F1557 and Escherichia coli WT F1693 as well as corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid. It was found that the Ag-Se coating significantly inhibited S.aureus growth and biofilm formation on the surface, reducing 81.2% and 59.7% of viable bacterial adhesion when compared with Ag and Ag-PTFE-coated surfaces after 3 days. The Ag-Se coating also exhibited improved corrosion resistance compared with the Ag coating, leading to a controlled release of Ag+, which in turn reduced the risk of cytotoxicity against hFOBs. These results suggest that the fungal-derived SeNPs may have potential in use as implant coatings to prevent PTIs.