Emergent phenomena from centre vortices

Quark confinement is perhaps the most important emergent property of the theory of quantum chromodynamics. Herein we review some key aspects of centre vortices in SU(3) lattice gauge theory. Starting from the original Monte Carlo gauge fields, a vortex identification procedure yields vortex-removed and vortex-only backgrounds. The comparison between the original `untouched' Monte Carlo gauge fields and these so called vortex-modified ensembles has provided a variety of results that support the notion that centre vortices are fundamental to confinement in pure gauge theory. For the first time we perform direct numerical tests of the response of centre vortices to the presence of dynamical quarks in SU(3).