Tumor-targeted biocatalyst with self-accelerated cascade reactions for enhanced synergistic starvation and photodynamic therapy

•A multifunctional nanosystem (USCGP) is constructed to elicit enhanced enzyme catalytic and photocatalytic effects.•USCGP biocatalyst making the best use of each component amplifies the starvation and photodynamic antitumor effects.•USCGP biocatalyst could well-metabolized from mice and have negligible toxicity or side effect in vivo.