Valorisation of cellulosic rejections from wastewater treatment plants through sugar production

The widespread use of wipes and other sanitary products made of nonwoven fibres has led to an enormous problem in wastewater treatment systems that has been underestimated for some time. To date, there are no practical alternatives for recycling and valorisation. In this study, cellulosic rejections recovered from a wastewater treatment plant in Barcelona (Spain) were characterised and treated using hydrothermal and enzymatic methods to obtain free sugars. Steam explosion and autoclave pre-treatments were performed at different temperatures (120, 130, or 150 °C) and residence times (10–40 min) under neutral, acidic or basic conditions. The solids obtained after the pre-treatment, as well as the untreated material, were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using commercial enzymes. The untreated substrate reached the highest sugar production: 29 g glucose and xylose per 100 g of the cellulosic rejections, equivalent to 86% of the sugars contained in the initial material. These sugars can subsequently be transformed into biofuels or bioproducts within a biorefinery approach.