Mid-luteal phase progesterone effects on vigilance tasks are modulated by women’s chronotype

•We differentiated between exogenous and executive components in the vigilance tasks.•Participants were classified according to their chronotype.•Mid-luteal phase improved Morning-types’ but worsened Evening-types’ performance.•Opposite pattern of mid-luteal phase effects occurred at the optimal time-of-day.•Results suggest an interaction between progesterone and cortisol levels.