Effect of solid wettability on three-phase hydrodynamic cavitation

•Inceptions of three-phase hydrodynamic cavitation was detected acoustically.•Hydrophilic particles stabilize nuclei and promote cavitation inception.•Hydrophobic particles entrap bubbles to further promote cavitation.•Size and roughness of fine particles at a low concentration have little effect.•Hydrophobic Venturi tube promotes cavitation and screens the particle effect.