A Qualitative Meta-analysis of Perceptual-motor Problems in Visually Impaired People

Introduction: Perceptual motor activities improve motor skills and learning. These skills play an effective role in receiving, interpreting and responding to the sensory stimuli. This study aimed to identify perceptual-motor problems in visually impaired people. Methods: This qualitative research was conducted using a research synthesis method. Therefore, the analysis unit consisted of all the related scientific studies. With regard to the systematic research in internal and external databases based on the inclusion criteria, 1052 scientific studies were identified, and finally, according to the exclusion criteria, 71 studies were selected for the final analysis. To collect the required data, a researcher-made worksheet was used, and to ensure of the coding, two examiners were asked to reencode the findings. For data analysis, Roberts’ six-step research synthesis model with open and axial coding methods was used. Results: The results from this study led to the identification of 41 categories, which was eventually narrowed down to 14 codes of alternative concepts. The most common perceptual -motor problems of the blind were navigation, coordination of motor function, and balance disorders. Conclusion: Success in implementing educational programs and its effectiveness on the blind requires providing solutions in line with their most important problems in order of priority. Providing appropriate infrastructure, proper preparation regarding knowledge, skill and attitude among students and professors, as well as appropriate designing of educational programs for the blind prioritizing their navigation, motor coordination, and balance problems are suggested.