Influência de diferentes protocolos de exercício e da dieta hiperlipídica sobre o sistema endocanabinóide de ratos

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of the hyperlipid diet and the training of swimming and force on the adipose tissue, lipid profi le and endocannabinoid system of exogenous obese rats. For this, we used sixty adult male rats divided into six groups: Sedentary Standard (SP); Sedentary Hyperlipid (SH); Standard Swimming (NP); Hyperlipid Swimming (NH); Standard Force (FP); Hyperlipid Force (FH). After three weeks receiving standard or hyperlipidic diet, the animals started the exercise protocols. The NP and NH groups swam 60 minutes/day, 5 days/week with 5% body weight binding to the body, in 50x30 cm tanks, for 8 weeks. The FP and FH groups performed ladder climbing exercises with weights tied to their tails, once every three days, for 8 weeks. Animals from the SP and SH groups remained sedentary and fed their respective diets. The hyperlipid diet increased body weight gain, relative weight of adipose (epididimal, retroperitoneal, visceral and subcutaneous) and adipocyte (epididimal, retroperitoneal and visceral) areas. It also increased the fat percentage of all adipose tissues and liver, in addition to increasing the gene expression of the CB1 receptor. The trained groups had lower values of adipocyte area, improvement of lipid profi le, lower values in fat percentage of adipose tissues and liver, lower gains of body mass, and lower gene expression of CB1 receptor. Thus our results indicate the potential benefi  ts of strength and swimming training as non-pharma-cological alternatives to control the deleterious effects of the hyperlipidic diet on adipose tissue, lipid profi le, lipid content and control of the imbalance of the endocannabinoid system caused by the hyperlipidic diet.