Artificial intelligence in healthcare in developing nations: The beginning of a transformative journey

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is the fascinating result of the convergence of various technologies, algorithms and approaches. Its role in early detection and diagnosis will be a boon to society in the next few years and should be seen as 'Augmented Intelligence.' Issues like ethical considerations and collaborations need to be sorted out to ensure apt implementation in healthcare. This article reviews the current status of AI in developing nations like India and highlights some insights that could provide new directions and opportunities for AI in healthcare, especially in the field of radiology. Implications for Patient Care: (1) AI will aid in nation-wide research and cooperation that will provide an impetus for the development of imaging science and decentralization of medical services. (2) AI may help to bridge the gap for need of specialized medical personnel in the peripheral areas in developing countries like India. (3) Government initiatives, ethical considerations and joint public private sector collaborations will ensure smooth transition and implementation of AI in healthcare especially in radiology. Summary Statement: This manuscript highlights the existing gap between the developed and developing nations regarding implementation and acceptance of AI in healthcare and at the same time brings out insights in regard to the government initiatives to ease the progress of AI in healthcare in developing countries like India.