Human RF-EMF Exposure Assessment for an indoor 5G Access Point with Beamforming Capability using Stochastic Dosimetry

Among the novel technologies that 5th Generation (5G) networks will introduce to fulfill the ambitious goals that promise, there are the antenna arrays with three-dimensional (3D) beamforming capabilities. This technology does the RF-EMF exposure scenario evolve with the particular radiation pattern that the Access Point, in an indoor environment, generates in an adaptive way. The problem of setting up an assessment to evaluate the human exposure levels in such a scenario becomes challenging. In this paper, by the jointly use of deterministic and stochastic methods, it was possible to consider up to 1000 different 3D beamforming patterns of the AP with low computational costs. The work allowed to highlight the conditions of major exposure and to prove the validity of stochastic methods, facing the variability and heterogeneity that will characterized 5G scenarios.