Quantitative Expression Analysis of Circulating miRNAs Reveals Significant Association with Cardiovascular Pathogenesis in Women

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a complex pathophysiological condition with continuous increasing mortality and poor treatment outcome. Troponin is the only standard biochemical indication of CVD, which fails to exactly determine the diagnostic and prognostic indications of CVD. Circulating microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) represent crucial molecular targets to determine the pathophysiology of CVD. Hence, in the present study quantitative estimation of three miRNAs (miRNA-133, miRNA-155, and miRNA-222) targeting different pathways of CVD pathogenesis has been performed to find their role. Methods and Materials A total of 50 female subjects including 25 CVD patients and 25 controls with age range of 18 to 65 years were included in this study. The extraction of circulating miRNAs was done in all the serum samples separated through centrifugation. Relative expression of all three miRNAs was performed using SYBR green–based real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in comparison to internal control. Results Significantly upregulated expression levels were observed for miRNA-133 and miRNA-222 in CVD women patients as compared with control subjects. Age-wise analysis revealed highly upregulated expression of miRNA-133 in patients having age group <45 years. While comparing with troponin levels, miRNA-222 was found significantly upregulated in patients having troponin levels <250 ng/L whereas miRNA-133 was found significantly higher in >250 ng/L troponin group. Conclusion Circulating miRNAs specifically miRNA-133 and miRNA-222 have essential role in pathogenesis of CVD in women patients.