Sport after Knee Replacement Surgery - a Review of Sport Habits and Key Surgical Aspects.

As an increasing number of younger patients are undergoing total knee replacement (TKR) surgery, many wish to participate in sport, but still expect that the implant will survive for a extended period. Most of the current literature shows that patients predominantly participate in low impact activities, both before and after surgery. A few studies show that with appropriate previous experience, high-impact sports are possible and might not result in increased implant failure rates. These include a decrease in point loads on the polyethylene by using more conform bearing surfaces, avoidance of varus component alignment to minimise stresses at the implant bone interface and avoiding patella resurfacing to facilitate activities in deep knee flexion.A TKR is no longer an absolute contraindication for higher impact activities such as golf, tennis and ski. What is more important than implant specific factors seem to be patient specific factors, including preoperative activity level, and preoperative sport skills.The current review paper reports on the current sport habits of TKR patients, analyses biomechanical loads on the knee during different sport activities and reports on implant selection and technical considerations for the active patient undergoing TKR.