The Drivers and Barriers of Renewable Energy Applications and Development in Uganda: A Review

Following the increasing global awareness of the dangers posed by the present state of climate change, many countries such as Uganda have adapted long-term plans for a transition to decarbonised economies. A major strategy for decarbonisation is to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy (RE) sources as the fundamental energy source. Uganda has substantial RE resources for the provision of energy services and production, yet these resources remain untapped. It is therefore crucial that the use of these abundant resources should be heightened. This paper examines and discusses the potential and current RE utilization and development in Uganda from the perspective of sustainable development. The status of the different RE resources and their application/utilization, including details of existing projects in the country, are carefully explored and discussed. The possible drivers for a huge advancement of RE applications and development in Uganda are also discussed before elucidating the major barriers and challenges faced by the energy sector as regards RE. Measures and policies required to facilitate the utilization of RE in Uganda are proposed. These evidence-based policies could guide the delivery of affordable and sustainable energy solutions for all by 2030 in Uganda.