Noncommunicable diseases and conditions

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and the central issue in contemporary and future public health worldwide. NCDs are amenable to health promotion, prevention, and medical intervention. Improved social conditions, a quality diet, proper body weight, smoking cessation, and increased physical activity can greatly reduce the burden of NCDs. Dramatic reductions in mortality from heart disease, stroke, and cancers have extended the length and quality of life in the past half-century. NCDs caused by infections include cancers of the stomach, liver, and cervix, encouraging new prevention methods. Scientific breakthroughs in genetics and molecular biology will provide new opportunities for success in detecting and treating NCDs. Increasing rates of obesity and diabetes mellitus pose serious challenges for NCD control through health promotion and reductions in social inequality. Astonishing success in controlling NCDs has made the New Public Health an actuality, providing tremendous hope for future success.