HMI-based Communication Methods for Negotiation between a Manually Driven Vehicle Driver and an Autonomous Vehicle in an Ambiguous Traffic Scenario

Autonomous vehicles (AV) are considered to be applicable in a predictable future, especially in urban areas. Generally, two human drivers in manually driving vehicles (MVs) can negotiate the right-of-way through communications when they encounter in ambiguous traffic scenarios, e.g., equal narrow passage with an obstacle on each side. However, a human driver may face some communication issues when...