Purkinje Cells are Key for Rhythmic Predictions in the Cerebellum

In a study published in this issue of Neuroscience, the authors demonstrate a marked reduction in sensorypredictive activity within cerebellum that arises from a GABA antagonist infusion that diminishes the influence of Purkinje cells over dentate nucleus (DN) neurons Music, speech, and effective motor actions rely to a great extent on the brain's ability to perceive regularities and predict future sensory events. Predictive activity within the brain allows the timely coordination of our movements with the ever-changing world round us. The precise timing and fine adjustment of motor commands environment are carried in the cerebellum, a brain structure in which sensory feedback and motor actions are compared to generate error-based adjustments and learning. This crucial role is demonstrated in cerebellar patients, who show a decreased capacity to perform the