Comorbid alcohol use and post-traumatic stress disorders: Pharmacotherapy with aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 inhibitors versus current agents.

The increased risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well-documented. Compared to individuals with PTSD or AUD alone, those with co-existing PTSD and AUD exhibit greater symptom severity, poorer quality of life, and poorer treatment outcomes. Although the treatment of comorbid AUD is vital for the effective management of PTSD, there is a lack of evidence on how to best treat comorbid PTSD and AUD, and currently, there are no FDA-approved treatments for the PTSD-AUD comorbidity. The objective of this manuscript is to review the evidence of a promising target for treating the AUD-PTSD comorbidity. First, we summarize the epidemiological evidence and review the completed clinical studies that have tested pharmacotherapeutic approaches for co-existing AUD and PTSD. Next, we summarize the shared pathological factors between AUD and PTSD. We conclude by providing a rationale for selectively inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 as a potential target to treat comorbid AUD in persons with PTSD.