Humoral and cellular immune responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in patients with axial spondyloarthritis treated with adalimumab or secukinumab

Biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) represent a potent treatment option for patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.1 Yet, infections make up the largest proportion of serious adverse events associated with biological DMARD therapy.2 Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment were shown to be at higher risk of severe disease outcomes.3 Vaccination could prevent these outcomes, but the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in these patients is incompletely understood.