Recommendations for Researchers on Synchronous, Online, Nominal Group Sessions in Times of COVID-19: Fishbone Analysis

Background: In times of COVID-19, we are challenged to experiment with alternative platforms or software to connect people. In particular, the struggle that arose in health research was how to interact with patients and care professionals. The latter is additionally faced with an extreme workload to fight the pandemic crisis. Creative strategies have been developed to continue research among patients and care professionals to improve quality of care. This paper addresses the issue of synchronous, online, nominal group sessions, a common consensus method used for group brainstorming. Objective: The purpose of this study was to share our experiences with performing online, nominal group sessions using the video conference software Microsoft Teams. In addition, we aimed to create a practical guide with recommendations for researchers. Methods: We critically analyzed the procedures for the online nominal group technique, according to the Fishbone methodology. Results: Performing synchronous, online, nominal group sessions is challenging but offers opportunities. Although interaction with and among the attendees complicates the process, the major advantage of online sessions is their accessibility and comfort because of reduced barriers to participation (eg, lower time investment). The role of the moderators is of major importance, and good preparation beforehand is required. Recommendations for future online, nominal research were formulated. Conclusions: Online, nominal group sessions seem to be a promising alternative for the real-life commonly used technique. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the benefits must be highlighted. More expertise is needed to further refine the practical guide for using digital software in research and to achieve optimal performance.