Label-free Sensing of Virus-Like Particles below the Sub-Diffraction Limit by Wide-Field Photon State Parametric Imaging of a Gold Nanodot Array

A parallel four-quadrant sensing method utilizing a specially designed gold nanodot array is created for sensing virus-like particles with a sub-diffraction limit size (∼100 nm) in a wide-field image. Direct label-free sensing of viruses using multiple four-quadrant sensing channels in parallel in a wide-field view enables the possibility of high-throughput onsite screening of viruses.