Prevalence Of Facultative Anaerobic Bacteria In Bacterial Vaginosis As A Risk Factor For Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Introduction: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a condition characterized by raised vaginal pH and milky discharge. This condition is associated with an alteration of the normal vaginal flora by a mixed flora of aerobic, anaerobic and microaerophilic species. This condition is simple to treat, however It can lead on to complications like miscarriage, pre term delivery, low birth weight baby, premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, postpartum endometritis, vaginal cuff cellulitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. Objective :To find the prevalence of anaerobic organisms in women suffering from bacterial vaginosis. Methodology: Hospital based Prospective cross-sectional study has been conducted in the Department of Microbiology. Patients with Bacterial Vaginosis, Visited in Obstetrics & Gynaecology, department of Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Total number of cases included in the study was 613. A high vaginal swabs (HVS) was collected. Amsel’s criteria, Nugent score and culture were performed. Results: The examination of 613 High Vaginal Swab of pregnant and nonpregnant reproductive age group women with symptomatic and asymptomatic vaginal discharge. The prevalence of an anaerobes in BV ware Gardnerella vaginalis 172(28.1%) based on Amsel’s criteria, Nugent score and culture. Mobiluncus Spp.384 (56.8%) based on Amsel’s criteria and Nugent score. The highest number of an anaerobes in BV cases was seen among 25-39 Years age group 216 (35.2%) and least number of an anaerobes in BV cases were seen in patients with age groups 40-59 Years 163 (26.6%) and 15-24 Years 156(25.4%). Conclusion: This finding suggests that the colonization of facultative anaerobes is also more important in vaginal ecology. So, similar studies must be carried out to improve the health status of women and preventing the risk posed towards BV. It is concluded that anaerobic bacteria are important pathogens in the causation of Bacterial Vaginosis along with other organisms.