Simultaneous Detection of Copper, Lead and Mercury in River Water with In-Situ pH Control Using Electrochemical Stripping Techniques
semanticscholar(2020)
摘要
ABSTRACT: An electrochemical sensor for the
detection of lead, mercury and copper in neutral solutions is described. The
electrode is made of two distinct parallel gold interdigitated microband
electrodes that can be polarized separately.
Biasing one electrode “protonator” sufficiently positive to begin water
electrolysis, results in the production of H+ ions which
consequently drops the pH in the locality around the other second
interdigitated “sensing” electrode. This
decrease in pH permits the electodeposition (and consequent stripping) of
metals at the sensing electrode without the need to acidify the whole test
solution. In this work, the local pH can
be adjusted from 1 to 7 in a stable and reproducible way by tailoring the
applied potential to the protonator electrode. Using this approach, linear
ranges for lead 10-100 ppb, copper 5-100 ppb and mercury 1-75 ppb, respectively
were demonstrated which exhibit extremely high sensitivity. This technique
allowed detection of these metals in a complex water matrix (river water)
without sample pretreatment, with excellent results. The electrode
reproducibility is high (RSD < 10%) and the metals can be co-detected when
present all together. This is the first demonstration of the in-situ pH control
for heavy metal detection using solid state sensors and will unable real time
and in situ analysis of heavy metals by unskilled personnel in remote settings.
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