Screening results of high-risk population of elderly cerebral stroke in a community in Pudong New Area, Shanghai

Objective To investigate the exposure of risk factors and the characteristics of population distribution of elderly patients with high-risk of cerebral stroke in Sanlin Community, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, aiming to provide the evidence for the development of the prevention strategies for elderly patients with high-risk of stroke. Methods From 2015 to 2017, a cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct on-the-spot investigation and related physical examinations for resident populations ≥65 years old in Sanlin Community of Pudong New Area. The demographic characteristics, medical history, blood lipids, fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, homocysteine and electrocardiogram were collected to screen the relative risk factors of ischemic stroke. Results 9,195 residents were surveyed between 2015 and 2017. 1,504 residents were high-risk population and 535 residents (5.82%) had a history of transient ischemic attack or stroke. There were 969 residents (10.54%) with ≥ 3 risk factors. Risk factors were hypertension, overweight, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, stroke history, smoking history, family history, lack of exercise and atrial fibrillation in turn. Among the high-risk groups of 969 risk factors ≥ 3, women's diabetes and hyperlipidemia exposure rate was higher than that of men, and male smoking rate and overweight were higher than females. Among the community members who participated in the screening, the detection rate of hyperhomocysteinemia for male was 63.8%, which was significantly higher than 45.7% for female. Conclusion The detection rate of high-risk groups in people over 65 years old in Sanlin area is similar to that in other areas in Shanghai. Hypertension, overweight and hyperlipidemia are the highest exposure risk factors. There are differences in exposure to certain risk factors between men and women. There is a high detection rate of hyperhomocysteinemia in the elderly and male population. Regular follow-up management should be implemented in combination with the occurrence of risk factors in different populations in order to prevent stroke.