The periplasmic space cannot be artificially enlarged due to homeostatic regulation maintaining spatial constraints essential for membrane spanning processes and cell viability

The periplasmic space cannot be artificially enlarged due to homeostatic regulation 1 maintaining spatial constraints essential for membrane spanning processes and cell 2 viability. 3 4 Eric Mandela1,+, Christopher J. Stubenrauch1,+, David Ryoo2, Hyea Hwang3,#, Eli J. Cohen4, Von L. Torres1, 5 Pankaj Deo1, Chaille T. Webb1, Cheng Huang5, Ralf B. Schittenhelm5, Morgan Beeby4, JC Gumbart6,*, Trevor 6 Lithgow1,* & Iain D. Hay7,* 7 8 1 Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, 9 Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia 10 2 Interdisciplinary Bioengineering Graduate Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, 11 USA 12 3 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 3033213 0430, USA 14 4 Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. 15 5 Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 16 Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia 17 6 School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA 18 7 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand 19