BMRHTA: Balanced Multipath Routing and Hybrid Transmission Approach for Lifecycle Maximization in WSNs

In this article, a balanced multipath routing and hybrid transmission approach (BMRHTA) is proposed to effectively alleviate the imbalance of the forwarding load in a sink connection area (SCA) and prolong the network lifecycle for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To achieve the energy efficient and balanced WSNs, three design issues, including the multipath, multihop, and single-hop transmissions...