Second-opinion reads in prostate MRI: added value of subspecialty interpretation and review at multidisciplinary rounds

Purpose This study evaluates the impact of second-opinion review of multiparametric prostate MRI for cancer detection by a multidisciplinary review board at a tertiary care center when compared with the initial community radiologist interpretation. Methods Cases were collected retrospectively from multidisciplinary prostate MRI rounds from 2017 to 2020 at a single tertiary care center. Patients with suspected prostate cancer or on active surveillance were referred for consideration of TRUS/MRI-fusion biopsy based on community-read prostate MRIs. All MRIs were re-read by subspecialized abdominal radiologists and a PI-RADS score assigned. Targeted fusion and 8–12 core systematic biopsy was performed in patients with PIRADS ≥ 3 lesions. Cohen kappa values were used to quantify interobserver agreement. Positive predictive value (PPV) was used to determine accuracy of PI-RADS score for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) (ISUP Grade Group ≥ 2). Results Three hundred and thirty-two lesions in 303 patients were reviewed and 252 lesions in 198 patients biopsied. The PI-RADS score was concordant in 60.5% of lesions, downgraded in 17.8%, and upgraded in 7.8%. Agreement between community and tertiary center interpretation was fair ( κ = 0.354), with greater agreement for PI-RADS ≥ 4 ( κ = 0.523) than PI-RADS ≥ 3 ( κ = 0.456), and peripheral zone ( κ = 0.419) than transition zone lesions ( κ = 0.251). Prevalence of csPCa in biopsied lesions was 40.9%. Conclusion There is variability in community and tertiary care center interpretation of prostate MRI in cancer detection, with higher concordance rates for higher grade and peripheral zone lesions. These differences demonstrate the added value of multidisciplinary round review and highlight the need for ongoing education and feedback. Graphical abstract