Effects of dietary lycopene supplementation on intestinal morphology, antioxidant capability and inflammatory response in finishing pigs

In this study, eighteen healthy Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire barrows with initial body weight of 63.89 +/- 1.15 kg were randomly allotted to three treatments and fed a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg lycopene, respectively. Data showed that villus height to crypt depth ratio increased with 200 mg/kg lycopene (p < 0.05) in the jejunum. In duodenum, the malondialdehyde content was decreased (p < 0.05) in 100 and 200 mg/kg lycopene groups. Furthermore, in the jejunum, dietary 100 and 200 mg/kg lycopene supplementation increased (p < 0.05) catalase activity. In the duodenum, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), nuclear factor-kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-alpha contents were decreased (p < 0.05) in 200 mg/kg lycopene group. In the jejunum, IL-1 beta content was reduced (p < 0.05) and IL-1 beta mRNA expression was down-regulated (p = 0.046) in 200 mg/kg lycopene group. Additionally, claudin-1 mRNA and protein levels in 200 mg/kg group were also increased (p < 0.05). These results indicated that dietary lycopene supplementation could maintain intestinal health, which was associated with improving intestinal morphology, enhancing tight junction function, inhibiting inflammatory response, and elevating antioxidant capacity in finishing pigs.