The clinical characteristics of patients with primary non-prostate-specific membrane antigen-expressing prostate cancer on preoperative positron emission tomography/computed tomography

Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) is a modern imaging tool used in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Approximately 10% of patients who underwent PSMA PET/CT have a biopsy-proven, primary PCa without PSMA expression on PET/CT (non-PSMA -expressing PCa), according to a recent systematic review[1]. However, the definition of non-PSMA -expression in these studies was poorly defined and no immunohistochemical studies for confirmation of PSMA protein expression were performed. The aim of this retrospective study was to report the prevalence, characteristics, and immunohistochemical assessment of non-PSMA -expressing hormone-sensitive PCa in a cohort of 362 patients who underwent PSMA PET/CT and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).