Measurements of Proton High-Order Cumulants in root s(NN)=3 GeV Au + Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point

M S Abdallah, B E Aboona,J Adam,L Adamczyk,J R Adams,J K Adkins,G Agakishiev,I Aggarwal, M M Aggarwal, Z Ahammed,I Alekseev,D M Anderson,A Aparin,E C Aschenauer,M U Ashraf,F G Atetalla, A Attri,G S Averichev,V Bairathi,W Baker,J G Ball Cap,K Barish,A Behera,R Bellwied,P Bhagat,A Bhasin, J Bielcik, J Bielcikova,I G Bordyuzhin,J D Brandenburg,A V Brandin,I Bunzarov,X Z Cai,H Caines,M Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D Cebra,I Chakaberia,P Chaloupka, B K Chan,F-H Chang,Z Chang,N Chankova-Bunzarova,A Chatterjee,S Chattopadhyay, D Chen,J Chen, J H Chen, X Chen,Z Chen,J Cheng,M Chevalier,S Choudhury,W Christie,X Chu,H J Crawford,M Csanád, M Daugherity,T G Dedovich,I M Deppner,A A Derevschikov, A Dhamija,L Di Carlo,L Didenko,P Dixit, X Dong,J L Drachenberg, E Duckworth,J C Dunlop, N Elsey,J Engelage, G Eppley,S Esumi, O Evdokimov, A Ewigleben,O Eyser,R Fatemi,F M Fawzi,S Fazio, P Federic, J Fedorisin, C J Feng,Y Feng,P Filip,E Finch, Y Fisyak,A Francisco,C Fu,L Fulek,C A Gagliardi,T Galatyuk,F Geurts,N Ghimire,A Gibson,K Gopal,X Gou,D Grosnick,A Gupta, W Guryn,A I Hamad,A Hamed,Y Han,S Harabasz, M D Harasty,J W Harris,H Harrison,S He,W He,X H He,Y He, S Heppelmann,N Herrmann,E Hoffman, L Holub,Y Hu,H Huang,H Z Huang,S L Huang,T Huang,X Huang, Y Huang,T J Humanic, G Igo, D Isenhower,W W Jacobs,C Jena,A Jentsch,Y Ji,J Jia,K Jiang,X Ju,E G Judd,S Kabana,M L Kabir,S Kagamaster,D Kalinkin,K Kang,D Kapukchyan,K Kauder,H W Ke,D Keane,A Kechechyan,M Kelsey,Y V Khyzhniak,D P Kikoła,C Kim,B Kimelman,D Kincses,I Kisel,A Kiselev,A G Knospe,H S Ko, L Kochenda,L K Kosarzewski,L Kramarik,P Kravtsov,L Kumar,S Kumar,R Kunnawalkam Elayavalli,J H Kwasizur,R Lacey,S Lan,J M Landgraf, J Lauret,A Lebedev, R Lednicky,J H Lee,Y H Leung,N Lewis,C Li,W Li,X Li,Y Li,X Liang,Y Liang, R Licenik,T Lin,Y Lin,M A Lisa,F Liu, H Liu,P Liu,T Liu,X Liu, Y Liu,Z Liu, T Ljubicic,W J Llope,R S Longacre, E Loyd,N S Lukow, X F Luo,L Ma,R Ma, Y G Ma,N Magdy, D Mallick,S Margetis, C Markert,H S Matis,J A Mazer, N G Minaev,S Mioduszewski,B Mohanty,M M Mondal,I Mooney,D A Morozov,A Mukherjee,M Nagy,J D Nam,Md Nasim,K Nayak,D Neff,J M Nelson,D B Nemes,M Nie, G Nigmatkulov,T Niida,R Nishitani,L V Nogach, T Nonaka,A S Nunes,G Odyniec,A Ogawa, S Oh,V A Okorokov,B S Page, R Pak,J Pan, A Pandav,A K Pandey,Y Panebratsev, P Parfenov,B Pawlik, D Pawlowska,C Perkins,L Pinsky, J Pluta,B R Pokhrel,G Ponimatkin,J Porter,M Posik,V Prozorova,N K Pruthi, M Przybycien, J Putschke,H Qiu,A Quintero, C Racz,S K Radhakrishnan,N Raha, R L Ray,R Reed, H G Ritter, M Robotkova,O V Rogachevskiy,J L Romero,D Roy,L Ruan,J Rusnak, A K Sahoo,N R Sahoo,H Sako,S Salur,J Sandweiss,S Sato,W B Schmidke,N Schmitz,B R Schweid,F Seck, J Seger,M Sergeeva,R Seto, P Seyboth,N Shah, E Shahaliev,P V Shanmuganathan,M Shao,T Shao,A I Sheikh, D Y Shen,S S Shi,Y Shi,Q Y Shou,E P Sichtermann,R Sikora,M Simko,J Singh,S Singha,M J Skoby,N Smirnov,Y Söhngen,W Solyst,Y Song,P Sorensen,H M Spinka,B Srivastava,T D S Stanislaus,M Stefaniak,D J Stewart,M Strikhanov,B Stringfellow,A A P Suaide, M Sumbera,B Summa,X M Sun,X Sun,Y Sun,B Surrow,D N Svirida,Z W Sweger, P Szymanski,A H Tang,Z Tang,A Taranenko,T Tarnowsky, J H Thomas,A R Timmins,D Tlusty,T Todoroki,M Tokarev,C A Tomkiel,S Trentalange,R E Tribble,P Tribedy,S K Tripathy,T Truhlar,B A Trzeciak,O D Tsai,Z Tu,T Ullrich,D G Underwood,I Upsal,G Van Buren,J Vanek,A N Vasiliev,I Vassiliev,V Verkest,F Videbæk,S Vokal,S A Voloshin,F Wang,G Wang,J S Wang,P Wang,X Wang, Y Wang,Z Wang, J C Webb,P C Weidenkaff, L Wen,G D Westfall, H Wieman,S W Wissink,R Witt,J Wu,Y Wu,B Xi,Z G Xiao,G Xie,W Xie,H Xu,N Xu,Q H Xu,Y Xu,Z Xu,G Yan,C Yang,Q Yang,S Yang,Y Yang,Z Ye, L Yi,K Yip,Y Yu, H Zbroszczyk,W Zha,C Zhang,D Zhang, J Zhang,S Zhang,X P Zhang,Y Zhang,Z J Zhang,Z Zhang,J Zhao,C Zhou,Y Zhou,X Zhu,M Zurek, M Zyzak

arxiv（2022）

引用 31|浏览32

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摘要

We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity (y) and transverse momentum (p(T)) within -0.5 < y < 0 and 0.4 < p(T) < 2.0 GeV/c. In the most central 0%-5% collisions, a proton cumulant ratio is measured to be C-4/C-2 = -0.85 +/- 0.09 (stat) +/- 0.82 (syst), which is 2 sigma below the Poisson baseline with respect to both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. The hadronic transport UrQMD model reproduces our C-4/C-2 in the measured acceptance. Compared to higher energy results and the transport model calculations, the suppression in C-4/C-2 is consistent with fluctuations driven by baryon number conservation and indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions. These data imply that the QCD critical region, if created in heavy-ion collisions, could only exist at energies higher than 3 GeV.

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